Implement interface for calling PEP 517 hooks

[cottsay]

This implementation is copied nearly verbatim from the prototype colcon_python_project package.

Here's the spec for PEP 517: https://peps.python.org/pep-0517/

This is the central component for enabling colcon to act as a "build frontend" and the Python package build process will be built around this infrastructure. Additionally, non-PEP 518 packages will extract package metadata during the identification and augmentation phases of the colcon workflow.

To help visualize where this fits in the overall standards-based Python build picture, this hook caller interface will invoke the appropriate backend hook (e.x. build_wheel) for a package to build a wheel file, and then colcon will install that wheel (after uninstalling any previous wheels for that package) into the install space.

The decoration infrastructure allows us to add backend-specific augmentations to hook invocations. Though this interface should allow colcon to support arbitrary backends, we'll implement decorators for "helping" the backends to support broader scenarios (like symlink installs) and optimize the overall process. For example, we'll need to augment setuptools builds in order to maintain feature parity with colcon's existing setuptools integration. We'll also use that decorator to move temporary artifacts out of the package source directory.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 94.81481% with 7 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 87.52%. Comparing base (b37a8d4) to head (6798cd6).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...e/python_project/hook_caller_decorator/__init__.py	79.41%	7 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #732      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   87.21%   87.52%   +0.31%     
==========================================
  Files          69       73       +4     
  Lines        4106     4241     +135     
  Branches      709      720      +11     
==========================================
+ Hits         3581     3712     +131     
- Misses        414      420       +6     
+ Partials      111      109       -2     

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[cottsay]

I added D106 to this list. Evidently we've never had a nested class definition in the test sources, but it makes sense to suppress the documentation requirement there as well.