EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 14960‑1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM May 2019 ICS 97.190; 97.200.50 Supersedes EN 14960:2013 English Version Inflatable play equipment - Part 1: Safety requirements and test methods Équipements de jeu gonflables - Partie 1 : Aufblasbare Spielgeräte - Teil 1: Exigences de sécurité et méthodes d'essai Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 April 2019. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
--,,,,,,,--,,,`,,`,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British© 2019 CEN Standards Institution EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref. No. EN 14960‑1:2019: E BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) Contents� Page European foreword............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 5 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 6 2 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Normative 6 3 Terms and references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 4 Safety definitions...................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 requirements..........................................................................................................................................................................................4.1 Materials. ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 4.1.1 Fabrics. ................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 4.1.2 Thread. 10 4.1.3 Netting.................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 4.1.4 Ropes. 10 4.1.5 Zips............................................................................................................................................................................................ . ................................................................................. 10 4.1.6 Dangerous substances and decorative finishes 11 4.2 Design........................................................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................... 11 4.2.1 Anchorage. 11 4.2.2 Structural integrity...................................................................................................................................................... 12 4.2.3 Access/egress................................................................................................................................................................... 13 4.2.4 Blowers.................................................................................................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................................................... 15 4.2.5 Entrapment. ........................................................................................................ 16 4.2.6 Hard objects, sharp angles ............................................................................................................................................. and edges. 20 4.2.7 Electrical ....................................................................................................................................................................................... installations. 21 4.2.8 Siting. 21 4.2.9 Containment...................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. 23 4.2.10 Wall heights on slopes. 24 4.2.11 Run-out.................................................................................................................................................................................. 25 4.2.12 Ventilation........................................................................................................................................................................... 25 4.3 Number of users.................................................................................................................................................................................. 25 5 4.4 Test methods Supervision.............................................................................................................................................................................................. and 26 6 Information to be provided reports.........................................................................................................................................................................26 by thesupplier/manufacturer. ................................................................................26 6.1 General product .................................................................................................................................................................................. information. .................................................................................................................................................. 26 6.2 Pre-information. .............................................................................................................................................................. 27 6.3 Installation information. .................................................................................................................................................................. 27 6.4 Operating information. 27 7 6.5 Inspection, Inspection maintenance and maintenance and information..................................................................................................................... 28 alteration. ..................................................................................................................................28 7.1 Inspection.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28 7.1.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 7.1.2 Routine Inspection....................................................................................................................................................... 28 7.1.3 Annual .......................................................................................................................................................................................... inspection......................................................................................................................................................... 29 r i 7.2 Maintenance. 29 . c i p 7.2.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 s . w w 7.2.2 Routine maintenance................................................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................................... 29 w 7.2.3 Corrective maintenance. 29 : y 8 7.3 Alteration................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 b d e 9 Marking........................................................................................................................................................................................................................30 d i v o r Annex Documentation. A Calculation ...................................................................................................................................................................................................30 of number ofP Annex B (normative) The Beaufort Scale of wind anchor-points..............................................................................................31 (informative) force..............................................................................................................32 --`,`,`,`,,`,,,`````,,`,,`,,,--,,,,,,,---
Copyright British 2
Standards Institution
EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
Annex Annex C D (normative) Test Test method methods for for grounding................................................................................................................................. 33
34
Annex E (normative) Test method for tear entrapment. ........................................................................................................................ 44
(normative) strength. ........................................................................................................................ 49
Bibliography..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British Standards © Institution
ISO ISO pub-date year – All rights reserved�
--,,,,,,,--``,,,,,,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--3
BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019
(E)
European foreword
This document (EN 14960‑1:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports,
playground and other recreational facilities and equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2019, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes – together with EN 14960‑2:—1) and EN 14960‑3:— 1 – EN 14960:2013.
In relation to EN 14960:2013, the following main changes have been made:
a)
changes with regard to inflatables sited on hard standing;
b) minor editing to improve the content accuracy of the document;
c)
splitting this standard Inflatable into play the following equipment three — Part parts:
1: Safety requirements and test methods;
- EN 14960‑1, Inflatable play equipment — Part 2: Additional safety requirements for Inflatable
- EN Bouncing 14960‑2, Pillows for permanent installationInflatable play equipment — Part (in preparation);
3: Specific safety requirements and test methods
3)
, ,,,, - - for EN inflatable 14960‑3, snappies, , ,, , ,, ,, ,to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following ,--countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,,, , ` , Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, -
-
- ` , , Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. r i.cips.www:ybdedivorP1) Both standards are under development at the time of publication. Copyright British 4 Standards Institution EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) Introduction Play is the means by which children discover and understand the world in which they live and is an essential element in a child’s physical and mental growth. It is important for children’s rounded development that, through play, they arrive at an understanding of danger, which provides a basis for assessing safety in a variety of situations. The balance between challenge and safety is an important consideration. The inflatable play equipment referred to in this standard can provide different levels of challenge and
-
, ,excitement. This European Standard aims to minimize the level of risk and the possibility of serious,, ,injury while allowing children to enjoy themselves when playing in or on inflatable equipment. , ,--This standard acknowledges the difficulties of addressing safety issues by age criteria alone because, ,, ,, , ,the ability to handle risk is based on the individual user’s level of skill and not age. Moreover, users other, , ,than the intended age range will make use of the inflatable equipment, in which case, the provisions , ,,, of this standard still apply.,- -It is not the purpose of the requirements of this standard to affect a child’s need to play nor to lessen the contribution that inflatable play equipment makes either to the child’s development or meaningful play from an educational point of view. Where inflatable play equipment is combined with other items of children’s playground equipment, the relevant standards applying to the other items of equipment should also be consulted. r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British Standards � Institution 5 r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightBS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) 1 Scope This document is applicable to inflatable play equipment intended for use by children fourteen years and under both individually and collectively. This document specifies safety requirements for inflatable play equipment for which the primary activities are bouncing and sliding. It sets measures to address risks and also to minimize accidents to users for those involved in the design, manufacture and supply of inflatable play equipment. It specifies information to be supplied with the equipment. The requirements have been laid down bearing in mind the risk factor based on available data. This document specifies the requirements that will protect a child from hazards that he or she may be unable to foresee when using the equipment as intended, or in a manner that can be reasonably anticipated. This document is not applicable to inflatable water-borne play and leisure equipment, domestic inflatable toys, air-supported buildings, inflatables used solely for protection, inflatables used for rescue, or other types of inflatable toys where the primary activity is not bouncing or sliding. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated Safety references, of toys the — latest Part 3: edition Migration of the ofreferenced certain elements document (including any amendments) applies. EN 71‑3, Impact attenuating playground surfacing — Determination of critical fall height EN 1177, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529) EN 60529, Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics — Determination of tensile strength and elongation at EN break ISO (ISO 1421, 1421) EN ISO 2307, Fibre Rubber- ropes or plastics-coated — Determination fabrics of certain — Determination physical and of mechanical coating adhesion properties (ISO (ISO 2411)
EN ISO 2411, Fibre ropes — General specifications (ISO 9554)
EN ISO 9554, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
EN (ISO/IEC ISO/IEC 17025:2017)
17025:2017,3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE
In order not to confine the application of this European Standard to those items of equipment
currently in use and hence allow freedom of design for the manufacture of new equipment, only the fundamental
forms of equipment and motion are listed.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
British 6�
Standards Institution
--,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``--,,,,,,,--- EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) 3.1 inflatable play equipment structure relying on a continuous supply of air to maintain its shape, on or in which users may play, bounce and/or slide NOTE Also referred to as an/the inflatable. --,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
a) Flat-bed
(4 open sides)
b) Castle
(3 walled sides, 1 open side)
c) A-Frame inflatable
(3 walled sides, 1 open side)
d) Bounce/Slide combination
e) Multi-Play Centre
f) Obstacle course
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright Britishg) Inflatable slide
h) Enclosed inflatable
i) Soft mountain
Figure 1 — Examples of inflatable play equipment
3.2
blower
powered 3.3
machine used to continuously inflate the structure
connection tube
part of the inflatable structure to which the blower is connected
Standards �
Institution
7
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightBS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019
(E)
3.4
controller
person, company or hirer (those who hire to others), having responsibility for the overall control,
inspection 3.5
and maintenance of the equipment
operator
person appointed by a controller to be in charge of the operation of the equipment at any time when it
is 3.6
available for use by the public
attendant
3.7
person working under the control and direction of an operator to assist in the operation of the equipment
inspection body
organisation, part of an organisation or individual with the appropriate competence to carry out one or
more of the following inspections:
— design review;
— assessment of conformity to design;
— initial testing;
— 3.8
annual main inspection
free height of fall
greatest vertical distance from the clearly intended body support to the impact area below
[SOURCE: 3.9
EN 1176‑1:2008, 3.6]
critical fall height
3.10
maximum free heights of fall, for which a surface will provide an acceptable level of impact attenuation
open side
any 3.11
external side of an inflatable with no containing wall
step
step to aid the access/egress of users into and out of the playing area of the inflatable, making the
transition 3.12
between the height of the playing area and the ground
ramp
ramp to aid the access/egress of users into and out of the playing area of the inflatable, making the
transition 3.13
between the height of the playing area and the ground
platform
any 3.14
surface on which a user may stand
squeeze
play item which is often attached to and forms part of inflatable play equipment, the purpose of which
is to squeeze the user whilst not entrapping them while allowing the user to pass through a gap with a
degree of difficulty
British 8�
Standards Institution
--,,,,,,,--,,,`,,`,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightEN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) --`,`,`,`,,`,,,`````,,`,,`,,,--,,,,,,,---
British Standards3.15
entrapment
hazard 3.16
in which a body, or part of a body, or clothing, can become trapped
impact area
area 3.17
surrounding the open side(s) of an inflatable
run-out
intended 3.18
deceleration zone at the bottom of a slide
anchorage system
method 3.19
of fixing an inflatable to the ground using stakes
ballast system
method 3.20
of fixing an inflatable to the ground using weights
user height
maximum 3.21
height of persons allowed to use the inflatable
free space
space in, on or around the inflatable that can be occupied by a user undergoing a movement forced by
the 3.22
equipment (for example sliding, bouncing)
playing area
space 3.23
in or on the inflatable, intended for play
falling space
space in, or around the inflatable that can be passed through by a user falling from an elevated part of
the equipment
NOTE The falling space commences at the free height of fall.
4 Safety requirements
4.1 Materials
4.1.1
Fabrics
Fabrics shall be flame retardant.
Fabrics, and joins in fabrics, shall be of adequate tear and tensile strength for the weight of the intended
user and have sufficient air retention to enable the inflatable, when pressurized to the level specified in
the operations manual, to resume its shape after distortion under load.
Fabrics of:
a)
minimum tear strength 350 N (see test method Annex E),
b) minimum tensile strength 1 850 N (see EN ISO 1421),
c)
minimum coating adhesion 100 N (see EN ISO 2411),
�
Institution
9
BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019
(E)
4.1.2
shall be Thread
used in those structural parts of the inflatable where force or stress is applied by the user.
Threads shall be non-rotting yarn and at least 88 N tensile strength. Stitching shall be lock-stitch. The
4.1.3
length of Netting
individual stitches shall be a minimum of 3 mm and a maximum of 8 mm.
Retention netting is commonly used to define the playing area, to contain the users and to retain
items of mobile play equipment such as balls. Retention netting shall not significantly impair visibility.
Retention netting shall be strong enough to contain the largest/heaviest user for whom the inflatable
is designed.
In order to prevent users from climbing retention netting the mesh size, where the netting is more than
1 m vertical height and accessible to the user, shall be 30 mm or less to exclude users’ feet.
Where netting is used for roofs and is accessible to the user, the mesh size shall be small enough to
prevent the 8 mm finger rod from passing through (see Figure 2).
Dimensions in millimetres
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightFigure 2 — 8 mm finger rod
Clamber netting (commonly laid on slopes to form foot and hand holds) shall be securely fixed to
prevent lifting by the user. The rope from which it is made shall be at least 12 mm in diameter and shall
be securely knotted. Strand ends shall be treated to prevent fraying. Care shall be taken when heat
sealing 4.1.4
so Ropes
as not to form hard or sharp edges.
Ropes shall be fixed at both ends and the total amplitude of swing shall not exceed 20 % of the distance
between the fixing points such that it shall not be possible to make a loop in the rope of large enough
diameter to allow probe E to pass through (see Figure D.1).
NOTE
This requirement is intended to remove the risk of strangulation.
The rope diameter shall be between 18 mm and 45 mm.
Fibre ropes (textile type) shall conform to EN ISO 9554 or EN ISO 2307. Alternatively, a works certificate
shall be supplied stating the material used and the safe working load. Monofilament plastics ropes shall
not 4.1.5
be used.
Zips
Zips , , , - - shall withstand air pressures and tension generated within the structure. Zips used for entrances
and , , , , , exits shall be reliable, easy to use, able to open from both sides and shall allow access and egress by adults. , , Zips used for deflation purposes shall have the puller hidden from view (e.g. by a flap or pocket).
,,,,,``--,,`,British 10�
Standards , ` , ` , , ` - Institution
--,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``--,,,,,,,--- EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) 4.1.6 Dangerous substances and decorative finishes Dangerous substances shall not be used for inflatable play equipment in such a way that they can cause adverse health affects to the user. Paints and other decorative finishes shall conform to EN 71‑3. NOTE Attention is drawn to the provisions of European Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 [2]. Such materials include, for example, asbestos, lead, formaldehyde, coal tar oils, carbolineums and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). 4.2 Design 4.2.1 Anchorage The inflatable shall be provided with an anchorage and/or ballast system and any necessary accessories enabling the inflatable to be securely fixed to the ground. Each inflatable shall have at least six anchorage points. The number of anchorage points shall be calculated in accordance with Annex A. They shall be distributed around the perimeter of the inflatable (see also 4.2.3) and shall be fitted with metal ends. The maximum wind- speed in which inflatables shall be used outdoors is 38 km/h (Force 5 on the Beaufort Scale); see Annex B. When used outdoors, the inflatable shall be secured to the ground, preferably with ground stakes where the ground is suitable. Each anchorage point on the inflatable and all of the components of the anchorage and/or ballast system, e.g. ropes, webbings, metal attachments, stakes, weights, shall withstand a force of 1 600 N. The direction of the exerted force shall be at an angle to the ground of 30° to 45°. Ground stakes shall incline away from the direction of the exerted force. Ground stakes shall be a minimum of 380 mm in length and a minimum of 16 mm in diameter and their tops shall be rounded. The system shall expose no more than 25 mm of the stake above ground level (see Figure 3). When the inflatable is used indoors, the anchorage and/or ballast system should be used, when necessary, to maintain stability. Dimensions in millimetres r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishKey 1 direction of force 2 rounded tops 3 ground level Figure 3 — Examples of ground stakes On hard standing where ground stakes cannot be used, the inflatable shall be secured to the ground by equally effective method, e.g. attaching each of the anchorage points to fittings already in the ground, or to sandbags or other weights, if these are capable of supporting the 1 600 N load. If the inflatable is Standards � Institution 11 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) secured to a vehicle or other movable machinery, such vehicles or machinery shall be immobilised and be 4.2.2 under Structural the control integrity of an operator. The minimum air pressure inside the structural parts of the inflatable shall be 1 kPa (100 mm water gauge). Inflated chambers that are entered by the user are not considered to be structural parts of the inflatable, e.g. enclosed dome type inflatables. Pressure in the playing area of soft mountains shall be no greater than 0,25 kPa (25 mm water gauge), but shall maintain a pressure sufficient to prevent grounding. Pressure in the surrounding safety apron of soft mountains shall be at least 1 kPa (100 mm water gauge); see Figure 4. The depth of the trough on the surface of any platform shall be a maximum of 33 % of the width of the adjacent panel, measured when inflated (see Figure 5). Containing walls shall be vertical (90 ± 5)°. Towers that support containing walls shall be in the same plane. Containing walls and towers shall be strong enough to contain the largest and/or heaviest user for whom the inflatable is designed. Playing areas, surrounding safety aprons, steps and/or ramps shall support the weight of the largest and/or heaviest user for whom the inflatable is designed, without grounding. See Annex C for the test method. Key 1 2 3 surrounding safety apron tread depth playing area Figure 4 — Section through a soft mountain r i.cips.www:ybdedivorP--,,,,,,,,,,`,,`,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- Key a depth of trough — measured when inflated b width of adjacent panel Figure 5 — Trough depth Copyright British 12� Standards Institution EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) 4.2.3 Access/egress A step or ramp shall be wide enough to cover the entire access/egress aperture with overlap, according to Figure 6. A step or ramp shall have a tread depth of a minimum of 1,5 times the height of the adjacent playing area platform to which it is attached (see Figure 6). The playing area of soft mountains shall be completely surrounded by an inflated safety apron. This safety apron shall have a minimum tread depth of 1,6 m or 0,5 times the height of the playing area measured from the ground when inflated and in the unloaded condition, whichever is greater. In the event of air supply failure, the deflation time shall be sufficient to allow users of the inflatable to be evacuated safely. NOTE Deflation time can be considerably lengthened by inserting a non-return flap in the outlet nozzle of the blower or at the joint of the connection tube and structure. Inflatables shall be designed to ensure that adults are able to gain access in order to assist users. On any open side, the free height of fall shall be no greater than 630 mm from the ground in the unloaded condition, (600 mm in the loaded condition). On any open side, the extent of the impact area shall be at least 1,2 m. The surface in the impact area shall meet the requirements for impact attenuation so that the critical fall height of the surfacing, according to EN 1177, is at least 630 mm. The impact areas of adjacent inflatables and/or other play equipment shall not overlap. Materials such as soil, turf and sand have some impact attenuating properties. Impact absorbing mats may be used (see Figure 7). See also 4.2.8. Siting r i.cips.www:ybdedivorP--`,`,`,`,,`,,,,,,,,,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- Copyright British Standards � Institution a) step detail 13 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) b) ramp detail Key 1 overlap 4 tread depth 2 open side 5 step 3 height of adjacent playing area platform 6 ramp Figure 6 — Step or ramp detail a) Castle type b) Flat-bed r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPc) Up and over slide Copyright British 14� Standards Institution d) Open top inflatable on hard standing --`,`,`,`,,`,,,`````,,`,,`,,,--,,,,,,,---
EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
Key
1
walled side
5
exit
2
at least 1,2 m
6
entrance
3
open side
7
at least 1,5 m
4
impact area
Figure 7 — Impact areas
Anchorage points in impact areas shall be avoided if possible but, where necessary, anchorage points
shall be connected to the bottom perimeter edge or seam of the inflatable and shall extend as short a
distance as practicable from the inflatable (see Figure 8).
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishKey
1
side of inflatable
2
impact area
3
anchorage stake as close as practicable to the side of the inflatable
4
ground level
Figure 8 — Anchorage in an impact area
Totally enclosed inflatables shall have signs indicating exits, which shall be visible in all circumstances.
When designed for more than 15 users, there shall be more than one exit, and users shall never be more
than 4.2.4
5 m Blowers
from an exit.
Blowers shall be protected to a minimum of IP23B as defined in EN 60529, except that the 8mm finger
rod, as illustrated in Figure 2, shall be used instead of the jointed 12 mm test finger.
The 8 mm finger rod may pass through the guard mesh but shall not, in any position, come into contact
with any moving part, hot surface or exposed electrical connections.
The blower shall be positioned at least 1,2 m from a walled side and 2,5 m from an open side. The
connection tube shall be long enough to allow this.
If a blower is sited inside the inflatable structure, it shall be at least 2,5 m from the playing area, safety
apron, step and/or ramp.
The blower, including cabling and controls, shall not be readily accessible to the public.
NOTE
See also 4.2.7 Electrical installations.
--,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``--,,,,,,,`---
Standards �
Institution
15
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightBS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019
(E)
4.2.5
Entrapment
4.2.5.1
General
4.2.5.2
Test probes Entrapment shall be applied of the with head a force and neck
of 222 N unless otherwise stated in the text.
Inflatables shall be constructed so that any openings do not create head and neck entrapment hazards
by either head first or feet first passage.
Hazardous situations in which this type of entrapment can be encountered include the following:
— completely bound openings through which a user may slide feet first or head first;
— partially bound or V-shaped openings;
— other Completely openings bound (e.g. openings
shearing or moving openings).
a)
Accessible completely bound openings with a lower edge more than 600 mm above a platform shall be
tested in accordance with D.2.1.
Probes C or E shall not pass through any opening unless it also allows the passage of the large
head Partially probe D.
bound and V-shaped openings
b)Partially bound and V-shaped openings with an entrance at 600 mm or more above a platform shall be
constructed so that either:
- the opening is not accessible when tested in accordance with D.2.2, or
- if accessible at a position of 600 mm or more above a platform when tested in accordance with D.2.2,
depending on the angular orientation range of the opening (see Figure D.4), shall conform to
the following:
Range 1: (template centre line ± 45° from vertical); when the template apex contacts the base of the
opening, the depth of the opening shall be less than the length of the template to the underside of the
shoulder section.
Range 2: (template centre line from horizontal to + 45°); when the template apex contacts the base of
the opening, the depth of the opening shall be less than the ‘A’ portion of the template. If the depth of the
opening is greater than the ‘A’ portion of the template, all parts of the opening above the ‘A’ portion shall
also allow insertion of the shoulder section of the template or probe D.
Range Other 3: No openings template(e.g. test requirements.
shearing or moving openings)
c)
Non-rigid
,,- - members (for example ropes) shall not overlap if, by doing so, they create openings that do not 4.2.5.3 conform , , ,, ,, Entrapment to the requirements of clothing/hair for completely bound openings. `````,Inflatables ,, ,, ,--, ,, , ` , shall be constructed so that hazardous situations including: a) gaps -
-
, ,, or V-shaped openings in which a part of clothing can become trapped while or immediately before the user is undergoing a forced movement, British 16� Standards Institution EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) b) protrusions, in which clothing entrapment can be encountered are not created. Slides shall be constructed so that openings located within the free space (see Figure 9) do not trap the toggle when tested in accordance with D.3. The cylindrical space is shown in Figure 9 and its dimensions are given in Table 1. In determining the free space, the possible movements of the equipment and the user shall be taken into account. NOTE 1 The toggle test (see D.3) is restricted to the free space as practical experience has shown that natural materials and connections between different parts can vary over time. The definition of free space (see 3.22) does not include the three-dimensional area in which the falling movement takes place. Special consideration should be given when using elements of circular cross-section, e.g. round tubes or poles, to avoid clothing entanglement within the falling space. Roofs shall be constructed so that they do not trap the toggle when tested in accordance with D.3. Spindles and rotating parts shall be constructed so as to prevent entanglement of clothing or hair. NOTE 2 This can be achieved by use of suitable covering or shields. r i.cips.www:ybdediv --o,r,P,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,Copyright British Standards--, , � Institution a) Standing user 17 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightb) Example of a slide Figure 9 — Free space Table 1 — Dimensions of the cylinder for the determination of the free space Radius α Height Dimensions h in millimetres Type of use Standing 1 000 1 800 Sitting 1 000 1 500 Hanging h 500 300 above and 1 800 below hanging position NOTE In case of hanging, = 300 because of the possibility that the user pulls himself or herself up. NOTE In certain cases, the dimensions of the free space can be altered. In some cases, these will be given in the parts of this standard covering individual types of equipment. 4.2.5.4 Fingers entrapment Inflatables shall be constructed so that there are no hazardous gaps in which fingers can be trapped while the rest of the body is moving or continuing in motion involuntarily, e.g. sliding, bouncing. Openings within the free space, where the user is subjected to forced movement, and holes which have a lower edge more than 1,0 m above the platform when tested in accordance with Annex D (D.4), shall conform to one of the following requirements: a) 8 mm finger rod (see Figure 2), when applied with a force of 30 N, shall not pass through the minimum cross section of the opening and the profile of the opening shall be such that the rod cannot be locked in any position when set in motion as given in Figure D.10; or b) if the 8 mm finger rod passes through the opening, the 25 mm finger rod (see Figure 10), when applied with a force of 30 N shall also pass though the opening provided that the opening does not permit access to another finger entrapment site. --,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- British 18� Standards Institution EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Figure 10 — 25 mm finger rod 4.2.5.5 Body entrapment Adjacent inflated surfaces shall be more than 120 mm apart if the aperture formed is more than 200 mm deep (see Figure 11). a) Wall to tower attachment at A forms an entrapment point. Wall to tower attachment at B does not form an entrapment point r i.cips.www --`,:`,y `,b ` ,,`d , ,e ,d ` `i `v , ,o ` ,,r `P , , ,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- Copyright British Standards � Institution 19 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightb) Large slide at B forms an entrapment point. The ball fixed at A does not form an entrapment point Key 1 walled castle viewed from above 5 less than 120 mm 2 section across playing area 6 wall to tower attachment point 3 wall to tower attachment point 7 less than 200 mm 4 more than 200 mm 8 more than 120 mm Figure 11 — Entrapment Inflatable tunnels: — An inflatable tunnel of 75 cm length or less shall, for the purposes of this standard, be regarded as a squeeze. — A tunnel of between 75 cm and 2,0 m length shall be of at least 50 cm internal diameter. — A tunnel of more than 2,0 m length shall be of at least 75 cm internal diameter. Inflatable squeeze: — A squeeze shall not be longer than 75 cm. — The diameter of the initial opening shall be at least 40 cm. — The smallest aperture of the squeeze shall allow the large head probe to pass through with the application of a force of 222 N. — The entire length of the inner squeeze panel shall be capable of being expanded to at least 4.2.6 40 cm Hard diameter. objects, sharp angles and edges There shall be no hard and/or sharp angles or edges in any part of the inflatable accessible to the users (e.g. outside seams with a raw edge, square inflated corners, sharp-pointed cones). Users shall not be able to come into contact with any hard object placed inside or adjacent to the inflated structure while it is in use or during accidental deflation. Any hard - - object positioned over the playing area and supported by air pressure shall have an additional independent ` , ` , ` , ` support system. ,British 20� Standards , ` , , , ` ` Institution `` EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) 4.2.7 Electrical installations Electrical installations shall conform to applicable national standards/regulations. Controls of electrical installations shall not be readily accessible to the public. Electrical 4.2.8 Siting cables shall be secured away from users and the public. The inflatable shall be sited well away from possible hazards such as overhead power lines or other obstacles with hazardous projections (e.g. fences and/or trees). The inflatable shall not be erected on a site with more than a 5 % slope in any direction. The site shall be cleared of debris and/or sharp objects on, or embedded in, the surface. If, for crowd-control purposes, a perimeter fence is used, it shall be at least 1,8 m from walled sides and at least 3,5 m from open sides. A gateway shall be 1,0 m wide (see Figure 12). When inflatables are sited on hard standing and operated with fewer than one supervisor per inflatable, the impact area shall be extended to a width of 1,5 m so that any hard standing onto which a user might be liable to fall from a height greater than 630 mm in the unloaded condition shall be covered with impact attenuating material commensurate with the critical fall height measured from the ground to the relevant fall height, e.g. top of the wall. This requirement shall not be necessary if all such places from which a user might be liable to fall onto hard standing are securely and permanently covered so as to contain the user (see Figure 7 d)). r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British Standards � Institution
--,,,,,,,--``,,,,,,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPKey
1
at least 1,8 m
2
walled side
3
at least 3,5 m
4
open side
5
1 m gateway
Figure 12 — Positioning of perimeter fence
A clear area, free of any obstacle that could cause injury, shall be maintained around the inflatable. The
extent of this clear area shall be established by dividing the height of the highest platform by two. The
minimum clear area shall be 1,8 m on walled sides and 3,5 m on open sides (see Figure 13).
An exception to this rule is when an inflatable with inflated walls is sited directly against a solid wall or
walls, for example the walls of a building. In such a case, the solid wall(s) shall be 2,0 m higher than the
highest platform height unless the platform has a permanent roof. Use of this exception shall not result
in the creation of additional hazards.
Copyright British 22�
Standards Institution
EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
Dimensions in metres
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishKey
x
height of highest platform
y
extent of clear area
Figure 13 — Clear area around inflatable
4.2.9
Containment
Containing wall height shall be measured from the surface of the platform to the top of the wall, at 90°
-to the platform.
, ,,Walls for containing users, known as outside walls, are required where the platform height--, ,, , is greater than 0,6 m. , , ,, ,Inflatables with a platform height between 0,6 m and 3,0 m shall have a containing wall height equal ,, , ,,,,Inflatables with a platform height between 3,0 m and 6,0 m shall have a containing wall height at least- -1,25 times the height of the user, or the platform area shall be permanently roofed to contain the user. Inflatables with a platform height over 6,0 m shall have containing walls and a permanent roof fitted (see Figure 14). The minimum internal height of such containing walls and permanent roof, measured from the surface of the platform to the under-side of the roof, shall be at least 0,75 m. Standards � Institution 23 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) Dimensions in millimetres r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightKey 1 no containing walls required 2 containing walls required of user height 3 containing walls required 1,25 times user height 4 alternative to 3, add a permanent roof 5 both containing walls and permanent roof required Figure 14 — Containing wall heights on platforms 4.2.10 Wall heights on slopes Slopes of less than 30° shall be treated as a platform. Containing wall heights on slopes shall be measured from the surface of the slope to the top of the wall, at 90° to the slope. The height of the containing walls on the slope of a slide or climbing ramp of more than a 30° inclination shall be, for the first metre at the top, at least the height of the user and for the remainder, at least 50 % of the height of the user (see Figure 15). On a slope or climbing ramp over 6,0 m high, containing walls and a permanent roof shall be fitted. The minimum internal height of such containing walls and roof, measured from the surface of the slope to the under-side of the roof, shall be 75 cm. On bounce/slide combinations, where the highest platform height is 1,5 m or lower (measured from the ground) and provided that users are forced to sit or crouch on entering the slide, containing walls for the highest 750 mm of the slope shall be at least 50 % of user height and for the remainder of the slope at least 300 mm. British 24� Standards Institution
--,,,,,,,--,,,`,,`,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishKey 1 first metre of slope 6 more than 30° 2 wall height 7 wall 3 user height 8 platform surface 4 50 % of user height 9 sliding surface 5 platform height 10 run-out Figure 15 — Containing wall heights on slopes 4.2.11 Run-out All slides shall include a run-out section at the bottom which shall have an average inclination of not more than 10°. The length of the run-out section, measured from the end of the radius or angle at the bottom of the sliding section, shall be a minimum of 50 % of the height of the highest platform of the slide, measured from the ground and in any case, a minimum of 300 mm. When a stop-wall is fitted at the end of the run-out section, 50 cm shall be added to the length of the run-out. The height of a stop-wall shall be at least user height. The height of the containing walls on the 4.2.12 sides of a Ventilation run- out section, if fitted, shall be at least 50 % of the user height. The 4.3 playing Number area of shall users be well-ventilated. To determine the maximum safe number of users allowed to play on an inflatable at one time, the designer shall consider all circumstances which might affect the safe number. These include: a) height of the user; Standards � Institution --`,`,`,`,,`,,,`````,,`,,`,,,--,,,,,,,---
25
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPBS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019
(E)
b) size of the playing area;
c)
type of activity, e.g. bouncing, sliding;
d) inflated shapes mounted on the playing area;
e)
access and egress.
This 4.4 list Supervision
is not exhaustive.
An inflatable shall not be used without supervision.
When an inflatable is unattended, it shall be deflated and the power source disabled.
The controller shall determine the number and suitability of supervisory personnel required to operate
inflatables safely by considering matters such as the maximum number of users marked on inflatables,
the age of the users, the environment in which inflatables are being used, the visibility of playing
areas and the information provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Supervisory personnel consists of
one operator and as many attendants as determined by the controller. Supervisory personnel shall be
easily recognized.
5 Test methods and reports
Before testing, the equipment shall be assembled according to the manufacturer’s/supplier’s
instructions. Testing shall be carried out using the most appropriate method, e.g. measurement, visual
examination, practical tests.
Test reports shall be prepared in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017, 7.8.2.1 and include, at least,
the following:
a)
number and date of this European Standard;
b) details of the equipment tested;
c)
details of the condition of the equipment including any defects observed;
d) test results.
Test reports shall be supplied upon request to owners/controllers/operators.
6 Information to be provided by the supplier/manufacturer
6.1 General product information
The supplier/manufacturer shall provide information in the appropriate language(s) of the country in
which the equipment is to be installed and used. The information shall:
a)
be printed legibly and in a simple form;
b) be conveyed using illustrations wherever possible;
c)
include, at least, details of installation, operation, inspection and maintenance.
Copyright British 26�
Standards Institution
--,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``--,,,,,,,--- r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishEN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) 6.2 Pre-information The supplier/manufacturer shall provide information concerning the safety of the equipment prior to accepting an order. This information shall include, at least, the following where relevant: a) height clearance and space required to operate the equipment safely; b) surfacing requirement; c) overall packed dimensions and weight; d) intended age range or height range and number of users allowed; e) 6.3 certification Installation of conformity information with this standard. The supplier/manufacturer shall provide installation information which shall include, at least, the following: a) list of equipment; b) method of anchorage and number of anchor points; c) maximum safe wind speed; d) siting, height and space requirement; e) maximum allowable slope of the site; f) crowd control measures; g) need to keep users off of the inflatable during inflation and deflation; h) 6.4 type Operating and size of information blower required. The supplier/manufacturer shall provide operating information which shall include, at least, the following information and instructions: Need for/to: a) constant supervision; b) admit users to the inflatable in a controlled and safe manner; c) restrict the maximum height of the user to the design height; d) restrict the maximum number of users at one time to the design number; e) use at least the minimum number of operating personnel; f) users to remove their footwear; g) users to remove hard, sharp or dangerous objects from their person; h) users to remove glasses when practicable; i) prohibit the consumption of food, drink and gum; j) keep the entrance free from obstruction; Standards k) Institution prohibit the users from climbing or hanging on the containing --,,,,,,,,,,`,,`,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- walls; 27 � r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightBS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) l) prohibit somersaults and rough play; m) operator and/or attendants to watch the activity on the inflatable constantly; n) operator and/or attendants to use a whistle or other signal to attract the attention of the users; o) operator and/or the attendants to separate larger, more boisterous users from smaller ones; p) inflatable to be evacuated during re-fuelling of a blower powered by an internal combustion engine. The supplier/manufacturer shall also provide information on what to do in the event of an emergency or accident. 6.5 Inspection and maintenance information The supplier/manufacturer shall provide information on the inspection and maintenance of the equipment. The information shall specify the type and frequency of inspections. 7 Inspection, maintenance and alteration 7.1 Inspection 7.1.1 General Inflatable play equipment shall be inspected at suitable intervals to ensure that deterioration in the equipment 7.1.2 Routine is detected Inspection and remedied in good time. The controller shall carry out, or appoint a person to carry out, routine inspection. Routine inspection shall be carried out before use each time the equipment is made available for use. The check shall include that: — site is suitable; — all anchorages are secure and in place; — ancillary equipment is in position (e.g. impact-absorbing mats); — there are no significant holes or rips in the fabric or seams; — correct blower is being used; — internal air pressure is sufficient to give a firm and reliable footing; — there are no exposed electrical parts and no wear on cables; — plugs, sockets, switches, etc. are not damaged; — connection tube and blower are firmly attached to each other; — blower is safely positioned and its mesh guards are intact. The equipment shall not be used by the public until any defects identified in the routine inspection have been rectified. --`,`,`,`,,`,,,,,,,,,,``--,,`,,`,`,,`---
British 28�
Standards Institution
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishEN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
7.1.3
Annual inspection
The controller shall ensure that an annual inspection is carried out by an inspection body which shall
include any part of the inflatable and its ancillaries which may affect safe operation of the equipment. It
shall include checks of:
— previous inspection reports and certificates where appropriate;
— identification of the inflatable and blower (e.g. serial numbers);
— anchorage system for wear, rips or chafing;
— type and number of ground anchors or ballast for conformity with the design specification;
— inflatable structure for wear or rips in the fabric;
— walls and towers (when fitted) for firmness and uprightness;
— internal air pressure to be sufficient to give a reliable and firm footing;
— internal ties for wear and tear, particularly at loose or exposed ends;
— bed seams, wall-to-bed seams and wall-to-tower connections;
— mesh guards at the inlet and outlet of the blower;
— condition of the impellor and blower casing;
— condition of electrical wiring and/or installations;
— presence of the fuel cap (petrol-engined blowers).
Inspection of some of these items may need to be done inside the inflatable. The above list is
not exhaustive.
7.2 Maintenance
7.2.1
General
Carrying 7.2.2
Routine out of repairs maintenance
while the equipment is in use shall be avoided.
Preventative measures to maintain levels of safety and performance. Such measures include:
— cleaning the inflatable;
— removal of debris and contaminants;
— rust control on the blower;
— 7.2.3
cleaning Corrective the blower maintenance
air intake.
Measures to correct defects or to re-establish the necessary levels of safety. Such measures include:
— replacement of worn or defective parts;
— repair of splits or delaminated seams;
-
,,— repair of holes and cuts; ,, ,, , ,Standards � Institution 29 r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightBS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) — repair or replacement of defective structural components. 7.3 Alteration Alteration to any part of the equipment that could affect its essential safety shall only be carried out after consultation with the supplier/manufacturer or a competent person. The equipment shall only be put into use again when alterations have been inspected and passed by an inspection body. 8 Marking Each inflatable shall be legibly and permanently marked with, at least, the following: — type and size of blower required; — maximum height of user; — maximum number of users; — unique identifying number(s); — year of manufacture; — name and address of one of either the supplier/manufacturer, importer or authorized representative; — number and date of this European Standard. Connection tube(s) shall be marked so as not to be confused with any other tube(s), e.g. inspection tubes, deflation tubes. These markings shall all be clearly visible when the equipment is in use. Each blower shall be legibly and permanently marked with, at least, the following: — type and size; — unique identifying number; — year of manufacture; — name and address of the supplier/manufacturer; — number and date of this European Standard. These markings shall all be clearly visible when the equipment is in use. 9 Documentation The controller shall keep available documentation and records relating to the safety of the equipment. These shall include: — information provided by the supplier/manufacturer; — certificate of inspection and testing; — records of inspection; — records of maintenance; — records of alteration; — accident reports. --,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``--,,,,,,,--- British 30� Standards Institution r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishEN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) Annex A Calculation of (normative) number of anchor-points The number of anchor-points required shall be calculated independently for each side using the following formulae F, and values: First calculate which is the force working on each side. (A.1) where F is the force; Cw ρ is the wind coefficient; V is the density of air; A is the maximum wind speed; is the area of exposed surtace; using the following default values: Cw ρ = 1,5 V = 1,24 kg/m3 = 11,1 m/s (mean A, of Force 6 Beaufort); and by determining by measurement and/or calculation. Calculate the number of anchor-points required using this formula: (A.2) rounded up. This calculation shall be repeated for each side. NOTE Corner anchors count 50 % on each side. Standards � Institution --,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- 31 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) Annex B The Beaufort (informative) Scale of wind force The Beaufort Scale is a scale for measuring the strength or velocity of wind where the various strengths are represented by numbers. It was formulated in 1805 by Sir Francis Beaufort and has since then been periodically revised. It ranges from 0 (calm) when the wind is less than 1 mph (1,61 km/h) to 12 (hurricane) when the wind Table exceeds B.1 73 — mph The (117,72 Beaufort km/h). Scale of wind force Force Description Identification mph Wind speed km/h 0 Calm Smoke rises vertically. < 1 < 1 1 Light air Direction of wind shown by smoke drift, but not by wind vanes. 1 to 3 1,1 to 5,5 2 Light breeze Wind felt on face; leaves rustle, wind vanes moved by wind. 4 to 7 5,6 to 11 3 Gentle breeze tends Leaves a and light small flag. twigs are in constant motion. The wind ex‑ 8 to 12 12 to 19 4 ` , ` , ` , ` - - Moderate breeze Raises dust and loose paper. Small branches are moved. 13 to 17 20 to 28 5 ` ` , , , ` , , Fresh breeze Small trees in leaf begin to sway. 18 to 24 29 to 38 6 , ` ` ` , , ` , ` , , , ` ` - Strong breeze Umbrellas Large branches difficult in motion. to use. Whistling heard in telegraph wires. 25 to 30 39 to 49 7 ` , , ` , ` , , ` , , ` - ` Near gale wind. Whole trees in motion. Inconvenience felt when walking against 31 to 38 50 to 61 8
-
- Gale Twigs break off trees. Walking impeded. 39 to 46 62 to 74 9 Strong gale Slight dislodged. structural damage occurs. Chimney pots and slates are 47 to 54 75 to 88 10 Storm Trees uprooted. Considerable structural damage occurs. 55 to 63 89 to 102 11 Violent storm Widespread damage occurs. 64 to 72 103 to 117 12 Hurricane —
73 118 r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British 32� Standards Institution Annex C Test method (normative) for grounding EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishKey If d d > 1 m If < 1 m 1 m = d2 then d1 = 0,5 m d then d1 = 1/2Figure C.1 — Positioning of test weights a) b)c) Draw an imaginary d 1,0 m square grid on the surface to be tested, starting d. 0,5 m from the edge. In cases where is less than 1,0 m, the testing point shall be in the middle ofPlace the weight indicated in the Table C.1, in turn, onto each point where the grid lines intersect. Spread the weight applied at each point Table over C.1 a circle — Weights of 36 cm diameter. --
,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``--,,,,,,,--- Designed for user height Weight to be applied 1,0 m 25 kg 1,2 m 35 kg 1,5 m 65 kg 1,8 m 85 kg Standards � Institution 33 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) Annex D Test methods (normative) for entrapment D.1 General Unless stated otherwise, tolerances of the probes in this annex are as follows: a) ± 1 mm for dimensions; and b) ± 1° for angles. In situations of doubt when using the probes relating to the tolerance an accurate measurement should be made to ensure the opening is in accordance with the nominal dimension of the probe. All tests shall be performed in the most onerous way. D.2 Head and neck entrapment D.2.1 Completely bound openings D.2.1.1 Apparatus Probes, as illustrated in Figure D.1. Dimensions in millimetres r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British 34� Standards Institution a) Probe E (small head) --,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright Britishb) Probe C (torso)
--,,,,,,,--``,,,,,,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--c) Probe D (large head)
Key
1
handle
Figure D.1 — Probes for determination of head and neck entrapment in completely
bound openings
D.2.1.2 Procedure
Apply successively the probes as illustrated in Figure D.1 to each relevant opening. Record and report
the passage of any probe through the opening. If any of the probes are not freely passing through the
opening apply a force of (222 ± 5) N to the probe. When the torso probe is used, it is safer to force the
body through the opening first because if the body passes through then the head will also pass through.
Apply the probe with the axis perpendicular to the plane of the opening.
NOTE
The head probe dimensions are based on those for an older child and, therefore, there will be a large
tolerance D.2.2 Partially if assessing bound equipment and for V-shaped use by a young openings
child.
D.2.2.1 Apparatus
Test template, as illustrated in Figure D.2.
Standards �
Institution
35
BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019
(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPKey
A
‘A’ portion of probe
B
‘B’ portion of probe
B1
shoulder section
Figure D.2 — Test template for assessment of head and neck entrapment in partially bound and
V-shaped openings
D.2.2.2 Procedure
Position the ‘B’ portion of the test template between and perpendicular to the boundaries of the
opening, as shown in Figure D.3. Record and report whether the template fits within the boundaries of
the opening or if it cannot be inserted to its full thickness.
If the test template can be inserted to a depth greater than the thickness of the template (45 mm), apply
the ‘A’ portion of the test template, so that its centre line is orientated to check the extremities of the
opening as well as the centre line.
Ensure that the plane of the test template is parallel and applied in line with the opening, as shown
in Figure D.4.
Insert the test template along the opening until its motion is arrested by contact with the boundaries of
the opening. Record and report the results including the angle of the template centre line relative to the
vertical and horizontal axes (see Figure D.4) as this will determine the pass/fail requirements given in
4.2.5.2. See Figure D.5 and Figure D.6 for examples of the assessment for the different angular ranges.
--,,,,,,,--``,,,,,,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--Copyright British 36�
Standards Institution
EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
a)
--,,,,,,,--,,,`,,`,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPKey 1 2 b) accessible not accessible Figure D.3 — Method of insertion of the ‘B’ portion of the test template Copyright British Standards � Institution 37 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) a) b) r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPKey 1 2 3 a b c c) range 1 range 2 range 3 insertion angle for assessing the range template centre line check all insertion angles Figure D.4 — Checking all insertion angles to determine range Copyright British 38� Standards Institution --`,`,`,`,,`,,,`````,,`,,`,,,--,,,,,,,---
EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Passes if front section fully enters aperture to a maximum depth of
(template shoulder depth) 265 mm
b) Fail
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPc) Pass
Key
600 mm = more than 600 mm above the playing surface < 600 mm = less than 600 mm above the playing surface Figure D.5 — Range 1 method of insertion of the ‘A’ portion of the test template Copyright --
,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``--,,,,,,,--- British Standards � Institution 39 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightKey a) pass b) fail 1 large head probe D Figure D.6 — Range 2 method of insertion of the ‘A’ portion of the test template followed by insertion of the shoulder of the template or probe D D.3 Entrapment of clothing (Toggle test) D.3.1 Apparatus Test device, as shown in Figure D.7 a), comprising: — toggle, as shown in Figure D.7 b), made of polyamides (PA) (e.g. nylon), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which have been found to be suitable materials; — chain, as shown in Figure D.7 c); — collar, detachable and with good slip; — pole. British 40� Standards Institution --,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- a) Complete test device EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) Dimensions in millimetres b) Toggle
--,,,,,,,--,,,`,,`,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright Britishc) Chain Key 1 pole 2 chain 3 toggle 4 collar Figure D.7 — Test device D.3.2 Procedure Slides Position the test device perpendicularly in the starting section of the slide, 200 mm from the transition point of the starting section, and at the appropriate lateral location, as shown in Figure D.8. Standards � Institution 41 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) Randomly place the toggle and chain under the action of its own weight to all positions within range, without applying additional force or influence. NOTE The objective of this test is to replicate the natural motion of a clothing toggle. In the event that the test device is obstructed, apply a maximum force of 50 N in the direction of the forced movement. If the device is released this position within the equipment passes the test. Record and report where any entrapment of the toggle or chain occurs. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 a) Narrow slide b) Wide slide centre line Figure D.8 — Position of the test device on slides D.4 Finger entrapment D.4.1 Apparatus Finger rods, as illustrated in Figure D.9. Dimensions in millimetres r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British 42� Standards Institution a) 8 mm diameter finger rod --`,`,`,`,,`,,,`````,,`,,`,,,--,,,,,,,---
EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
b) 25 mm diameter finger rod
Key
R
spherical radius
Figure D.9 — Finger rods
D.4.2 Procedure
Apply the 8 mm diameter finger rod to the minimum cross section of the opening and, if the rod does
not pass through, rotate it as illustrated in Figure D.10.
Record and report if the rod enters the opening and if it locks in any position when moved through the
conical arc shown in Figure D.10.
If the 8 mm diameter finger rod passes through the opening, apply the 25 mm diameter finger rod.
Record and report if the 25 mm diameter finger rod passes through the opening and, if it does, whether
access is then given to another finger entrapment site.
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British Standards �
Institution
Figure D.10 — Rotation of the 8 mm diameter finger rod
--,,,,,,,--``,,,,,,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--43
BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019
(E)
Annex E
Test method (normative)
for tear strength
E.1
Maximum value tongue tear, apparatus
A low inertia, autographic constant rate of traverse cloth tensile testing machine of a suitable range,
power- operated at a rate of (100 ± 10) mm/min. Under the conditions of use, the error of the indicated
or recorded maximum force at any point in the range in which the machine is used does not exceed ± 1 %
of the force. The width of jaws is not less than the width of the specimen.
E.2
Preparation of test specimens
Five specimens 200 mm × 60 mm shall be cut with the longer dimension in the longitudinal direction of
the roll and five more specimens shall be cut with the longer dimension in the transverse direction of
the roll. The strips shall be evenly spaced from the full usable length and width of the sample and not
within 50 mm of the selvedge.
abcd In each specimen, a lengthways tongue 100 mm × 20 mm shall be cut, as shown in Figure E.1; the line
shall be drawn on each face of the specimen at a distance of 50 mm from the end of the tongue.
In case of coated fabrics of high tear strength, if the tongue breaks or threads are pulled from the fabric
instead of being broken, wider specimens, 200 mm × 150 mm, shall be used with the tongue 50 mm wide.
Dimensions in millimetres
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyrightFigure E.1 — Specimen
E.3
-
- Conditioning
,,Condition,, , ,,, ,, ,, ,-, , on wet test specimens, totally immerse these for a minimum of 1 h at (20 ± 2) °C in an aqueous solution , ,, ,of a non- ionic wetting agent of concentration not more than 0,1 % (m/m). Thoroughly rinse in water -, ,,and test within 1 min of removal from the water. E.4
- Conditioning
-
Preconditioning
When the textile substrate is of a highly hygroscopic material or where the method of test requires
British 44�
a high Standards degree Institution
of accuracy, moisture equilibrium (i.e. equilibrium reached by the coated fabric when,
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright BritishEN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
after exposure to air in motion, there is no appreciable change in mass) shall be approached from the
dry side of the hysteresis curve by pre-conditioning the test pieces in an atmosphere having a relative
humidity of not greater than 10 % and a temperature of between 60 °C and 70 °C.
NOTE
Air at 65 % humidity and 20 °C will, when heated at constant pressure to between 60 °C and 70 °C,
have a relative humidity of approximately 5 %. Higher temperatures can lead to changes in some coatings.
E.5
Characteristics of test atmospheres
The use of one of the following atmospheres shall be fixed by the particular standard or specification
for each test or material. The choice of one of these alternatives will depend on the prevalent usage in
individual countries and the variant used shall be reported in the test report.
Atmosphere ‘A’
— temperature (20 ± 2) °C – relative humidity (65 ± 5) %
Atmosphere ‘B’
— temperature (23 ± 2) °C – relative humidity (50 ± 5) %
Atmosphere ‘C’ (tropical)
— temperature (27 ± 2) °C – relative humidity (65 ± 5) %
Atmosphere ‘D’ (temperature control only)
— temperature (23 ± 2) °C
Atmosphere ‘E’ (tropical temperature control only)
— temperature (27 ± 2) °C
E.6
Methods of conditioning
The test pieces shall be freely exposed to the standard atmosphere ‘A’, ‘B’ or ‘C’ until they are in
equilibrium. Equilibrium with the standard atmosphere is deemed to have been reached when
successive weighing, at intervals of 2 h, of the test pieces freely exposed to the moving air, differ by
less than 0,1 %.
For fabrics coated on one side only, a minimum of 16 h exposure is recommended.
For fabrics coated on both sides, a minimum of 24 h is recommended.
The test pieces shall be freely exposed to the standard atmosphere ‘D’ or ‘E’ for a period of 3 h.
E.7
Procedure
Carry out the tests in the atmosphere for conditioning and testing described above.
Adjust the testing machine to the rate of clamp movement given in apparatus above and select an
appropriate force capacity range. Disengage any pawls or other arrestments which would prevent two-
way movement of the weighting device. Set the clamps 100 mm apart.
bcClamp the tongue of the specimen symmetrically in the headstock jaws so that the line is just visible
(see Figure E.2). Similarly, grip the legs of the specimen symmetrically in the traversing jaws so that the
lines ab and cd are just visible and the legs of the specimen are parallel to the force of tear.
Set the traversing jaws in motion. After 60 mm of the fabric has been torn, remove the pen and
disengage the drive.
Standards �
Institution
--,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``--,,,,,,,--- 45 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Figure E.2 — Method of clamping specimen E.8 Calculation and expression of results The trace obtained may consist of a series of peaks, as shown in Figure E.3, or a relatively smooth curve as shown in Figure E.4. From the five maximum values recorded, determine the mean value in newtons r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British 46� Standards Institution --,,,,,,,,`````,,,,,,,``-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019
(E)
as the longitudinal or transverse tear strength according to whether longitudinal or transverse threads
respectively are torn.
a) Electronic response time
r
i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright Britishb) Mechanical response at low inertia
NOTE
Determination of median value. Figure E.3 a) represents a typical autographic trace. A 'peak' is a
point on the trace where the gradient changes from positive to negative. Points marked A are peaks, points
-
marked B are not peaks. The importance of the peaks in the trace is that they give the force on the specimen at , ,,,Key the instant of rupture. ,, ,--X load , ,, ,, ,, , ,Y direction of tear (trace length) ,, ,,,Figure E.3 — Typical autographic traces,- -The median value of tearing resistance is the value such that half the numbers of peaks have higher values and half have lower values. Standards � Institution 47 BS EN EN 14960‑1:2019 14960‑1:2019 (E) To determine the median value, count the total number of peaks (n). If n is an odd number, count downwards, starting at the uppermost peak, a number of peaks equal to (n + 1)/2. The number of the last n peak counted is the median peak. n/2If is an even number, the median value is taken as midway between peaks and (n/2) + 1. Key X load Y direction of tear (trace length) NOTE The type of trace illustrated is not suitable for use in determining median values. This type of trace is usually associated with high inertia instruments and with certain types of non-woven substrates. In such cases, if the instrument is capable of indicating the average or mean force exerted during the test, the value so indicated can be reported as the mean tear strength, without reference to the trace. This type of trace can be used where only maximum values are required. Figure E.4 — Autographic trace without definite peaks E.9 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars: a) description of the coated fabric; b) mean tear strength in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Indicate clearly that the results are based on maximum values and report the method of test used. If a rip-stop fabric has been tested, report the number of rip-stop bars per unit length of the sample and the number torn through per specimen during test; c) specimen size used; d) details of any deviation from the standard test procedure; e) number and date of this European Standard.
--,,,,,,,--,,,`,,`,,`````,,,`,,`,`,`,`--r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British 48� Standards Institution [1] [2] EN BS 14960‑1:2019 EN 14960‑1:2019 (E) Bibliography EN test 1176‑1:2008, methods Playground equipment and surfacing — Part 1: General safety requirements and Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), establishing a European Chemicals Agency, amending Directive 1999/45/EC and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 and Commission Regulation (EC) No 1488/94 as well as Council Directive 76/769/EEC and Commission Directives 91/155/EEC, 93/67/EEC, 93/105/EC and 2000/21/EC r i.cips.www:ybdedivorPCopyright British Standards � Institution --`,`,`,`,,`,,,`````,,`,,`,,,--,,,,,,,---
49